Some existing buildings are only able to obtain passive house standard with renovation or because they are protected as historical. New passive houses must also continue to improve as if energy efficient materials are not used then their construction is expected to be able to take 20 years to make enough savings to counter-act their damage.

"Based on Okun's law, you are talking about 3 percent increase in output to translate into a 1 percent decline in the unemployment rate," Piegza said. "So if we are at 2 percent starting, you are talking about 5 percent growth needed in order to get the unemployment rate down to 7.5 percent."

There was the basis of a top six that would remain in place for the next five years, spinner Monty Panesar had proven himself as a Test cricketer, while James Anderson and Stuart Broad were emerging to eventually replace Steve Harmison and Matthew Hoggard as the new-ball attack.

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Terrified by the size of their potential pension liabilities, companies began ditching defined-benefit (final-salary) schemes in favour of cheaper, defined-contribution schemes, the vast majority of which have resulted in smaller pensions for recipients.